Did money matter in the economic history of medieval Europe. In these essays John Munro has pursued the controversies surrounding the monetary not monetarist history of the period specifically in relation to England and Flanders and the other Burgundian Low Coun... Lees meer.

This paper studies the evolution of the exchange rates of sub-Saharan African currencies in the context of the global financial crisis. In particular it analyzes the reasons behind the differences in the magnitude and volatility of the exchange rates among countries.... Lees meer.

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Sixteen countries across the world including the United States and many European nations have fallen into economic crises since the late 1990s. In The Limits of Fiscal Monetary and Trade Policies. International Comparisons and Solutions Jonathan E Leightner conv... Lees meer.

Changing the growth of money supply will change the rate of return on money which will then change the steady-state capital-labour ratio. Changes in money growth also relate to changes in real output growth nominal output growth and inflation. This new book presents im... Lees meer.

This book examines the barriers to transformation in developing countries in the wake of the pandemic and analyses the paths to recovery based on an economic-policymaking agenda. The COVID-19 crisis has fractured the pre-existing structural rigidities and institutio... Lees meer.

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This book focuses on the construction of the economic policies of the Economic and Monetary Union EMU and its institutions. It reviews the faltering economic performance of the EMU countries before and after the onset of the financial crisis. This book focuses on t... Lees meer.

In the current environment of payments difficulties a principal role of the Fund remains the encouragement and support of timely adjustment policies of member countries.... Lees meer.

Much has been written about Somalia in the last fourteen years about its history politics civil war famine clans warlords the failure of the U.S. intervention but little has been written about the monetary aspect of the Somali crisis. The author a former direct... Lees meer.

This paper identifies policy tools that could be used for fiscal consolidation in advanced and emerging economies in the years ahead. The consolidation strategy particularly in advanced countries should aim to stabilize age-related spending in relation to GDP reduce... Lees meer.

This study examines the links between adjustment policies and growth in a small group of developing countries- Bangladesh Chile Ghana India Mexico Morocco Senegal and Thailand - during 1970 -93. It provides an overview of the adjustment and growth experience ex... Lees meer.

This paper does two things. First it articulates what are the main implications of theoretical and empirical research for design of labor market policies and labor market institutions. Second in this light the paper analyzes the IMF s labor market recommendations sin... Lees meer.

In this volume world-renowned contributors deal with the institutional characteristics of poverty resulting from the time pattern of aid the nature of financial systems and the political economy of budgetary decisions. In this volume world-renowned contributors... Lees meer.

Monetary policies are very important in any economy. However they are dominantly hectic and characterized with frequent changes in developing countries. In Sudan there were many changes during the past three decades mostly were not compatible with coherent economic l... Lees meer.